FROM HERE TO THERE- TEXT

FROM HERE TO THERE

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CBSE CLASS III

The Train Come on children, let’s play a game

Climb aboard the chugging train!

 Blow your whistles and take your seats

Onto shoulders, if you please!

Forward, backward, backward forward,

But in a line, don’t run outward!

Stay in line, and shut your eyes

With open eyes, you’ll nothing spy.

On roads of iron, we move to and fro,

Here come the lights, and there they go.

Across the meadows, over the hills,

Past aging farmers, temples, mills.

Past village wells and a lush green field

With broken walls, and a potato field

Smoky clouds,Fairs and crowds.

Village fairs,Riders on mares.

Flocks of birds,

Clustered huts.

Bridges and paths,

Dhobi ghats.

Small tea-shops,

Puddles and flocks

Come, let's meet some children and find out how they spent

their vacations.

I went to my uncle who lives in Delhi. Earlier, we used to go from the railway station to his house in a……..

But this time it was great fun. We went by the which went through an underground tunnel. We did not even come to know that were running on the road above the tunnel. was my bua’s wedding. I met many relatives. We had a good time eating, drinking and playing.

Bhaiya came from America in an . Imagine, he came from so far but reached here in one day! Bua looked very beautiful when she was going in the……. I went to my nani ’s house in Kerala. Where she lives, there is water everywhere. From the station, we could have taken a or a to reach her house.

Instead, we took a straight to her house. It felt a little strange but we had fun.We went to Shimla during the vacations. The moved on the zig-zag roads on high mountains. It was very scray when we looked down. We had to walk long distances in Shimla. My dadi would get tired very quickly. We would make her ride on the .I never got tired, I enjoyed walking.

My khala lives very close to our house. Whenever I feel like going to her, I quickly climb on my and rush to her place. Ma and Chhotu have to take a to go to nani ’s house.

I went to my mamaji’s village. From the railway station there is no bus going to his village. So we went in a........ We crossed lush green fields on the way to the village. I loved the sounds of the bells tied around the necks of the bulls.

Transportation is the movement of people and goods over time and space.

THANK YOU,

N.NANDITHA

GAMES WE PLAY- TEXT

GAMES WE PLAY

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES:

CBSE CLASS III

All the children were playing stappoo (hop-scotch) in the lane. Avantika and her sister Nandita were also playing. But Nandita was not able to play the game in the right way. Avantika: Listen to me carefully, Nandita.Understand the game.

Throw the marker (thippi) in the first box. Then one leg jump over this box into the next one. Keep in mind, you can put both your feet down together only in the boxes marked 4-5 and 7-8. Take care, your feet should not touch the lines.

If it touches you are out of the game. When you reach the last box, turn around. When coming back, pick up the marker and bring it back. Now, throw the marker in the next box.

Similarly, keep throwing the marker in all the boxes one by one and continue the game.The children started playing again.

Since long, Chachi was watching them play. She too felt like playing with them. She could not keep herself from asking -Can I play with you ? The children laughed aloud.

Avantika : Chachi ! You will play ?

Chachi : Do you think I do not know how to play hop-scotch?At your age we played so many different games.

Nandita : Which games did you play, Chachi ?

Chachi : Langrhi-taang, hide and seek, seven tiles and so many more! In kabaddi our team was the best among ten villages.

Let us see the games we .We play two types of games. Indoor And Outdoor Games.

Indoor Games - Games which we can play under covered area or indoor stadia are known as indoor games. Business, Chess-Checker, Batman-Ton,
Caroms,  Playing Cards, Ludo, Computer Games, Swimming And Boxing.

Chess-Checker, is an indoor games can played by two numbers. Many members can participate in swimming. Caroms can be played by 2-4 members.

Ludo is also an indoor game it can be played by 2-4 members. Playing cards also an indoor game it can be played by 2-4 members.These all are indoor games.

Out Door Games-Outdoor games are those which are played at open and specific playground . Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, Badminton, Volley-ball, Cricket, Foot-ball, Hockey, Basket ball,

Cricket is outdoor game. It is played by two teams with 11 players. The history of cricket starts in 1725 traces the sport's development from its origins to the stage where it had become a major sport in England and had been introduced to other countries.

In 1844, the first international cricket match took place between the United States and Canada. In 1859, a team of England players went on the first overseas tour to North America.

Hockey is our national game. It is outdoor game. It is played by 11 players. Hockey is a family of sports in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a pull into the goal using a hockey stick.

The roots of hockey are buried deep in antiquity. Historical records show that a crude form of the game was played in Egypt 4,000 years ago and in Ethiopia around 1,000BC.

Various museums offer evidence that a form of the game was played by the Romans and Greeks as well as by the several centuries before Columbus arrived in the New World.

Basket ball is outdoor game. It is played by 5 players. The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield Massachusetts by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football. The game became established fairly quickly, very popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America and then throughout the world.

Badminton is outdoorgame. It can be played by 2 or 4 players. The sport of badminton has its origins in ancient civilizations in Europe and Asia. 
the ancient game known as battledore and shuttle cocks is originated in 2000 yrs ago. in 1600s battledore and shuttle was an upper place in pasttime. Battledore and Shuttlecock was simply two people hitting a shuttlecock backwards and forwards with a simple bat as many times as they could without allowing it to hit the ground.

Volley ball is a outdoor game. It is played by 6 players. The game of volleyball, originally called “mintonette,” was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan after the invention of basketball only four years before. the game to be a combination of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball.

Rajat : Chachi, how did you get so much time? We hardly get any time to play.

Chachi : You are so busy watching T.V. all the time.

Nandita : Chachi, did Chacha play these games too?

Chachi : Your Chacha says that he used to play marbles,seven tiles, wrestling, kabaddi, gilli danda and so many other games the whole day. While flying kites, he would even forget his meals.

Nandita : Chachi, do come and play. Chachi started playing with the children. They had been playing just for a short while when it started raining. Chachi : Let us go to my house. We’ll play inside. The children were happy to hear this.

All the : Come on! Let us go to Chachi ’s house to play. The children came to Chachi ’s house. Inside the house chacha and bua were playing chess.

Rajat : If we had a doll, we could have played with it.

Chachi : Do you want a doll ? Let us make one right away.

Chachi took out some old cloth. With Chachi’s help children made a doll. Some children wanted to play carrom and others ludo. They formed groups and started playing.

Why do we play games to get……….

We play games to keep fit and also to pass time.

Playing with friends, brothers & sisters is a great fun.

While playing we easily learn a lot from each other.

While playing we learn the coordination of mind & body.

THANK YOU,

N.NANDITHA

MAKING POTS-TEXT

MAKING POTS

ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES:

CBSE CLASS III

Once there was a sparrow called Phudgudi and a crow called Bhanate. They were fast friends. One day Bhanate said – O Phudgudi! If you lay eggs first then I will eat them and if I lay eggs first then you can eat them. Agreed!

Phudgudi agreed. 

 A few days later Phudgudi laid an egg. Bhanate said – Give me your egg. I will eat it. Do give it. Give it! Give it. Phudgudi was scared. She said – Yes, but I want you to first go and wash your beak in the river.

  Bhanate went to the river bank and said to it – O river ! Yes, brother – said the river. Bhanate – O river, please give me some water. With cold water I’ll wah my beak which I seek.

The river said – But how will you fill water ? Get a pot. Bhanate went to the potter and said – O potter ! please  give me a pot. The potter said – But how do make a pot ? Go and get some clay from the clay-pitBhanate went to the clay-pit and said to it –Oclay-pit! please give me some clay.

The clay-pit said – But how do I dig the soil? Get me a trowel from the blacksmith. Bhanate went to the blacksmith and said to him – O blacksmith! The blacksmith said – Yes, brother Bhanate. What do you want? Bhanate said – Please give me a trowel.

The blacksmith said – Sure, you can take the trowel but do remember to return it. Bhanate took the trowel and went to the clay-pit. It dug the soil and got some clay. The potter made a pot for him.

let us how a potter make apot.

Many, many years ago, there was a time when people had no pots. They started feeling the need to store and cook food. After a lot of effort and thinking, people learnt to make pots.

In the beginning, pots were made of stone and clay. People made pots of stones by digging and scraping stones with their hands. They made pots of clay by kneading the clay and shaping them with their hands. People also discovered that clay pots could be made stronger by baking them in fire.

In history first  potter's wheel was first developed in Mesopotamia.  A  potter's wheel is a machine used in the shaping of round ceramic ware. The wheel may also be used during the process of trimming the excess body from dried ware and for applying incised decoration or rings of color.

 Preparations of pots

There are many techniques in use for throwing, ceramic, containers, although this is a typical procedure: First Knead the clay. Start with about 1/2 pound of clay with 30% of moisture. Slowly warm it and work out the air bubbles by kneading it with your hands.

This will even out the clay’s consistency, eliminating lumps of soft spots, and make it more pliable and easier to work with. Take care to avoid folding, poking, or other actions that could add air pockets and bubbles to the clay.

 A round, moist lumpy clump of clay body is thrown at a wheel head or a bat attached to it. The lump or clump is made even and forced to the centre of the wheel by applying pressure with the hands.

The thrower finds the centre of the clay by moving a thumb across the lump until no more friction is felt. The thumb is pressed into the centre of the lump, stopping about 5 mm from the wheel head.

The hole thus made is widened. The sides thus defined are pulled up and made thinner by pressure between the hands. The vessel is shaped, and the mouth is smoothed.

The vessel is cut from the wheel head with a cheese wire and left to stiffen. Sometimes the stiffened vessel is inverted on the wheel and trimmed with a sharp tool.

Now I let the pot dry in front of the warm fire place so that the next layers will not be too heavy a burden to carry for the bottom. At this stage, I could stop and let the pot dry completely and fire it.

It will make a nice wee bowl. This is then the first method of making a pot completed. A skilled potter can quickly throw a vessel from 15 kg of clay. 

Alternatively, by throwing and adding coils of clay then throwing again, pots up to four feet high may be made, the heat of a blowlamp being used to firm each thrown section before adding the next coil.

In Chinese manufacture, very large pots are made by two throwers working simultaneously. Bhanate filled water in the pot and washed its beak. He then ran to eat Phudgudi’s egg.

By that time, the sparrow’s egg hatched. A little bird came out of it and flew away. Far away from Bhanate.

THANK YOU,

N.NANDITHA

THE STORY OF FOOD-TEXT

THE STORY OF FOOD

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CLASS III-CBSE

Food – a fact of life. We all need to eat and drink everyday. To grow, to energy, to be healthy. We need a range of different types of food.

Food we eat- fruits, vegetables, cereals, pluses, nuts, healthy food and junck food. A plant or apart of a plant is used for food is called as vegetables. They provide us a lot of carbohydrates, proteins and vitamin.

Fruit is a part of plant which contain seed. fruits are liked and eaten by many people. Fruit helps to stay strong and healthy.They gives us lot of vitamin.

Cereals are rich in nutrients. they  grown from grass type of plants. They are high carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals.We make idli, dosa, rotis and bread.

Pluses are rich in nutrients. They are grown in climber type plants. They are rich in proteins.We make dal, sambar, curry with them.They help us to grow strong.ex:bean, black grams etc.

Nuts are fruits with hard cover shell. sometimes dried seeds are also called nuts. Nuts give us a lot of energy. They are a healthy snack. ex;  almonds, chesews.

Healthy eating means eating a variety of foods that give you the nutrients you need to maintain your health, feel good, and have energy. These nutrients include protein, carbohydrates, fat, water, vitamins, and mineral.

Junk food always consists of extra fats and calories. It is very hard to digest it  containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little protein, vitamins or minerals.

We uses integrate such vegetables, pluses, onions, spices in cooking meals.We get fruits and vegetables from. Our father will buy from market. Because we eat different types of in a day.

We need lots of different foods to eat.We eat bread puris, idllis egg and milk in the morning breakfast.We take rice, dal, curry, curd in lunch time. We take chapattis, fruits and vegetables salads a very light food in dinner time.

All living thing need food to grow, to energy, to healthy.Eating fruit and vegetables can help protect against some diseases including diabetes.

THANK YOU,

N.NANDITHA

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.