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Spices, like everything else, are made
of chemicals. Spices give us health, colour and fragrance and most of all they keep
life from getting monotonous. Spices hide in them our traditions and culture.
let’s study about some spices which we
uses in our daily kitchen.
I am a small and skinny chap
Sometimes I am brown and
sometime black,
Added to hot oil and ghee
I spread my fragrance all around me,
When I am roasted.
Curd and jaljeera are favorite to me.
Think and tell me who am I?
Tell me quickly, who am I?- zeera
Cumin seeds are also known as jeera,
zeera, seeragam or comino. Cumin are oblong shaped, pale or usually dark brown
seeds in color. Indian recipes are greatly flavored with these cumin seeds. Cumin
seeds is the form of aromatic spice with the bitter taste and very warm flavor.
Cumin seeds can be used as whole, crushed or grounded one.
Uses:
Whole cumin seeds are mostly used for
tempering the various dals and jeera rice. Cumin seeds are widely used for
different preparations of gravies and curry recipes. The Salads and various
vegetarian recipes can be flavored with the tempering cumin seeds.
They are mostly
used for making butter milk (chas), lassi, soups and stews. Whole cumin seeds
are great to use along with the whole garam masala for bringing the natural
flavor in veg and non-veg dishes. Cumin seeds are highly used as whole, fried,
toasted, roasted or powdered. You can make delicious jeera rice by tempering
few cumin seeds in the butter.
Spices, like everything else, are made
of chemicals. Spices give us health, colour and fragrance and most of all they keep
life from getting monotonous. Spices hide in them our traditions and culture.
let’s study about some spices which we
uses in our daily kitchen.
Black pepper comes from the pepper
plant, a smooth woody vine that can grow up to 33 feet in hot and humid
tropical climates. They begin to bear small white clustered flowers after 3 to
4 years and develop into berries known as peppercorns. Ground peppercorns
produce the spice we call pepper.
Uses:
Black pepper stimulates the taste buds
in such a way that an alert is sent to the stomach to increase hydrochloric
acid secretion, thereby improving digestion. Hence, adding a sprinkling of
freshly ground pepper to your foods not only adds to the flavour but improves
digestion as well.
It is also an excellent source of
manganese, a very good source of iron and vitamin K, and a good source of
dietary fibre.
Spices, like everything else, are made
of chemicals. Spices give us health, colour and fragrance and most of all they keep
life from getting monotonous. Spices hide in them our traditions and culture.
let’s study about some spices which we
uses in our daily kitchen.
Turmeric powder is a bright yellow spice
powder made from dried turmeric rhizomes. Turmeric or haldi is one
ingredient in your kitchen that holds a remedy for almost all illness you are
likely to encounter. A staple spice in almost all Indian households. t has been
used by Ayurvedic and Unani practitioners in India from time immemorial.
Turmeric is an indispensable spice,
which imparts a musky flavour and yellow colour to curries. Almost all Indian
vegetable dishes use turmeric either separately or as part of the masala (spice
mixture). It is also used in recipes comprising rice, lentils and dry
beans. A small pinch of turmeric powder would is enough to add a pleasant
orange-yellow hue to salad dressings.
Spices, like everything else, are made
of chemicals. Spices give us health, colour and fragrance and most of all they keep
life from getting monotonous. Spices hide in them our traditions and culture.
let’s study about some spices which we
uses in our daily kitchen.
Red Chili Powder is also known as lal mirch
powder. This is one of the most powerful hot spice which can easily affect the
ears, tongue and stomach. Indian food or Indian recipes are greatly influenced
with this chili powder. You can easily
get red chili powder in the grocery stores.
Uses
Chilli powder is the base for making any
flavored, hot and spicy food.
The Chilli powder is greatly used for
various types of veg and non-veg food
materials. It is highly incorporated in various salads and tomato based sauces.The ethnic dishes are mostly imparted
with the flavor and heat blend of the chilli powder.
Excretionis the elimination of wastes that are formed during the metabolism of various
substances in the body.
The
main substances excreted are nitrogenous substances like Ammonia, Urea and Uric
acid. Nitrogenous wastes are formed in the metabolism of amino acids and
nucleic acids.
Along
with these excess water, certain salts and organic substances are also excreted.
The main purpose of excretion is to maintain ionic balance in the body.
If
the metabolic wastes are not discharged from the body, they become toxic and
harm the body.
All the animals do not excrete the type of nitrogenouswastes.
Some
animals, like crabs excrete ammonia, while frogs and man excrete urea, insects,
reptiles and birds excrete uric acid.
The
type of the product excreted may change during different stages of development
and availability of water.
Aquatic
animals prefer to excrete ammonia while animals like reptiles and birds, to
whom water is very scarce, excrete uric acid.
You
have learnt that a variety of end products are formed during metabolism and of
these nitrogenous wastes are important. Plants
do not have any specific organ to excrete these wastes. As in animals, carbon
dioxide, water, ammonia and other nitrogenous wastes are also formed in plants.
In
the plants, carbon dioxide released during respiration is sent out through
stomata of leaves. Due to this, the heat in the plant body is reduced.
Even when leaves are absent, as in the
germinating seeds. Carbon dioxide formed during respiration is released into
the atmosphere. Plants have the capacity to utilize the by-products of one
metabolic activity as raw materials for another metabolic activity.
oxygen
released during photosynthesis is utilized for respiration. Carbon dioxide
released during respiration is utilized for photosynthesis.
Plants can convert
nitrogen and ammonia into nitrates. However, several compounds are synthesized
by the plants for their own use, especially for defence.
As plants are sessile(do not have the capacity
to move), they cannot defend from the predators by running away.
Majority
of plants do not have organs for protection against the herbivores. Hence,
several plants prepare chemicals and store them in roots, leaves, seeds and
even in stem.
Most
of these chemicals are unpleasant to taste and hence herbivores usually do not
prefer to eat such plants. Some of the chemicals are toxic and may even kill
the animal that eats them.
Some of the plants secrete chemicals when injured.
These chemicals seal the wound and help
the plant to recover from the injury.
Though
plants produce these chemicals for their use, man has found other uses for
these chemicals and benefited immensely from these chemicals.
Some of the plants release attractants for other
Organisms which will help the plant in pollination, seed dispersal or even in
their nutrition.
For
example, plants having root nodules, secrete chemicals to attract rhizobia in
to the surroundings of the roots and form a symbiotic relationship with the
rhizobium. These compounds are called secondary metabolites.
The
biochemical substances produced in plants are of two types-primary metabolites
and secondary metabolites, Food materials like carbohydrates, fats and proteins
are the primary metabolites.
Alkaloids, Tannins, Resins, Gums, Latex etc.,
are some of the secondary metabolites in plants.
Alkaloids:
These
are nitrogenous by products and poisonous. These are stored in different parts
of the plant. Some of the alkaloids are used in medicines. Common alkaloids,
the plant and the part in which they occur are give below……..
Tannins:
Tannins
are carbon compounds. These are stored in different parts of a plant of a plant
and are deep brown in colour. Tannins are used in tanning of leather and in
medicines e.g. cassia, acacia.
Resins:
Occur
mostly in gymnosperms in passages called resin passages. These are used in
varnishes-e.g pinus.
Gums:
Plants
like Neem, Acacia secrete a sticky substance called gum when branches are cut.
The gums swell absorbing water and help in the healing of cut parts of a plant.
Economically, gums are valuable being used as adhesive and binding agents, in
the preparation of medicines, foods etc.
Latex:
Latex
is the milky white substance by plants belonging to Euphorbiaceae,
Apocyanaceae. Asclepiadaceae and papvaraceae. Latex is stored in latex cells or
latex vessels. From the latex of Hevea braziliensis (rubber plant) rubber is
prepared.
Nitrogenous substances are also found in the
walls of pollen grains. These are protein substances and when they enter our
body, they cause allergy. Hence, they are called allergins. They cause skin
allergy(urticaria) asthma etc.
Aromatic oils and scents occur in the leaves
of lemon grass, ocimum, eucalyptus etc.
These
are nitrogenous by products and poisonous. These are stored in different parts
of the plant. Some of the alkaloids are used in medicines. Common alkaloids,
the plant and the part in which they occur are give below……..
Tanninsare carbon compounds. These are stored in different parts of a plant of a plant
and are deep brown in colour. Tannins are used in tanning of leather and in
medicines e.g. cassia, acacia.
Plants
like Neem, Acacia secrete a sticky substance called gum when branches are cut.
The gums swell absorbing water and help in the healing of cut parts of a plant.
Economically, gums are valuable being used as adhesive and binding agents, in
the preparation of medicines, foods etc.
Latex
is the milky white substance by plants belonging to Euphorbiaceae,
Apocyanaceae. Asclepiadaceae and papvaraceae. Latex is stored in latex cells or
latex vessels. From the latex of Hevea braziliensis (rubber plant) rubber is
prepared.
Nitrogenous substances are also found in the
walls of pollen grains. These are protein substances and when they enter our
body, they cause allergy. Hence, they are called allergins. They cause skin
allergy(urticaria) asthma etc.
Aromatic oils and scents occur in the leaves
of lemon grass, ocimum, eucalyptus etc.
