NO PLACE FOR US -TEXT

NO PLACE FOR US?

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CBSE-V

Jatryabhai

Jatryabhai was sitting at the door with his daughter Jhimli. They were waiting for Sidya. It was almost night but Sidya had not come home. Two years back Jatrya’s family came to Mumbai from Sinduri village.

Here, they only knew the family of a distant relative. With their help, Jatryabhai began to repair torn fishing nets. But the money he got

was not enough.

They had to pay for the medicines, food, school fees and rent for the house. Here, they even had to buy water. Young Sidya also had to work in the nearby fish factory to earn some money.

From four o’clock till seven o’clock in the morning, he cleaned and sorted the big and small fish. Then he would come home, take a nap, and go to school in the afternoon. In the evening he would wander around the vegetable market.

He would help some memsahib (lady) to carry her bags, or go to the railway station to pick up empty bottles and newspapers to sell to the kabadiwalla (junk seller).

Somehow they were managing their life in the city. It was night, but Sidya had not come home. Jhimli was watching a dance on TV, through the neighbour’s window.

But Jatrya did not like watching TV. Here, everything was so different. The day would pass running around for work, but the evening brought back old memories.

Thinking of old days:

Jatrya was born in Khedi village, in the middle of thick green jungles and hills. His people had been living here for many years even before his grandfather was born.

There was peace in Jatrya’s village, but not silence. There were so many soothing sounds – the gurgle of the flowing river, the murmur of trees and the chirping of birds. People did farming.

They would go to the nearby forest, chatting and singing together, to collect wild fruits, roots and dried wood. While working with elders, children also learnt many things – to dance together, to play flute and dhol, to make pots of clay and bamboo, to recognise birds and imitate their sounds, etc.

People collected things from the forest for their use. Some of those they would sell in the town across the river. With that money they would buy salt, oil and some clothes.

It was a village, but people here lived together like a big family. Jatrya’s sister was married in the same village. People helped each other, in good and bad times. The elders would arrange weddings, and settle quarrels.

Jatrya was now a strong young man. He worked hard in the fields and caught fish from the big river. He and his friends would go to the forest to collect fruits, roots and plants for medicines, and fish from the river, to sell these in the town.

During festival time, Jatrya would dance and play the drum, with boys and girls of his age.

Across the river:

One day the people of Khedi heard that a big dam was to be built on the river. For this, a big wall would be built to stop the flow of the river. Khedi and many nearby villages in that area would be drowned under water.  The people would have to leave their villages and their lands, on which their forefathers had lived for centuries.

After a few days, government officials along with the police started visiting these villages. Small children of the village saw the police for the first time. Some children would run after them, and some would get scared and start crying.

The officials measured the width and length of the river, the fields, forests and houses. They called meetings with the elders of the village.  They said, “Villages on the bank of the river would have to be removed. People having land at Khedi will be given land far away, on the other side of the river.

They will have everything there – a school, electricity, hospitals, buses, trains, etc. They will have all that they could not even dream of here in Khedi.”

Jatrya’s parents and most elders were not happy about leaving

their village. Listening to all this, Jatrya would get a little scared, but also feel excited. He would think that after getting married, he would take his bride to the new house in the new village.

A house where he could just press a button for the light and turn on the tap for water. He could go by bus to see the city. When he would have children, he could send them to school. They will not be like him, who had never been to school.

A new place:

It was a summer afternoon. Jatrya was feeling faint in the hot sun and wind. His feet were burning on the coal tar of the pucca road. There wasn’t a single tree to offer some shade.

Just a few houses and shops. Jatrya was on his way home after buying

medicines. He had an old tyre on his back. These days, he had to light his stove with just these rubber pieces of old tyres.

These caught fire fast, and also saved some firewood. But the smoke and smell of burning tyres were terrible! In this new Sinduri village, they had to pay money for everything— medicines, food, vegetables, firewood, and fodder for the animals.

They could just not afford to buy kerosene. But from where to get the money for all this? Thinking of all this, Jatrya reached home. The roof made of a tin sheet made the house hot like an oven.

Jatrya’s wife had high fever. His daughter Jhimli was rocking her little brother Sidya to sleep in her lap. After all, there was no other older person with them.

Jatrya’s parents had been so sad about leaving Khedi that they had died before he moved here.

In Sinduri there were only eight-ten families he could call his own, those from his old village. The whole village had got scattered and people had gone wherever they had been given land.

This was not like the new village Jatrya had dreamt about. There was electricity, but only for sometime in a day. And then, the electricity bill had also to be paid. There were taps, but no water!

In this village, Jatrya got just one room in a tin shed. It had no place to keep the animals. He also got a small piece of land. But that was not good for farming. It was full of rocks and stones.

Still Jatrya and his family worked very hard. But they could not grow much on the field, and could not make enough money even to buy seeds and fertilisers. In Khedi, people did not fall sick often.

If someone fell ill there were many people who knew how to treat them with medicines made from plants. People felt better after taking those medicines. Here in Sinduri, there was a hospital but it was difficult to find doctors, and there were no medicines.

There was a school here, but the teacher did not care much about the children from Khedi village. These children found it difficult to study in a new language.

The people of Sinduri did not welcome the newcomers from Khedi. They found their language and way of living strange. They made fun of the Khedi people by calling them ‘unwanted guests’. Not much of what he had dreamt had come true!

Some years later:

Jatrya stayed for a few years in Sinduri. The children were also getting older. But Jatrya’s heart was not here in Sinduri. He still missed his old Khedi.

But there was no Khedi now. There was a big dam and a big lake of collected water in and around Khedi. Jatrya thought, “If we are to be called ‘unwanted guests’, then at least let us go to some place where our dreams can come true.”

Jatrya sold his land and his animals and came to Mumbai. Here, he started a new life with his family. His only dream was to send his children to school, to give them a better future, a better life.

Here too, things were not easy. But he hoped that things would get

better. Jatrya started saving money to repair his one-room shack. His

relatives would tell him, “Don’t waste money on this. Who knows, we may have to move from here too. In Mumbai there is no place to stay for

outsiders like us.”

Jatrya was scared and worried. He thought, “We left Khedi for Sinduri, we then left Sinduri for Mumbai. If we have to move from here too, then where can we go? In this big city, is there not even a small place for my family to stay?”

THANKYOU,

NANDITHA AKUNURI

PPT- NO PLACE FOR US? - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (CBSE-V)

NO PLACE FOR US? - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES CBSE-V from Research Scholar

CHHOTU’S HOUSE-TEXT

CHHOTU’S HOUSE

ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES

CBSE CLASS III

Let us see the house of chhotu. Oh , no chhotu is living in a pipie.

His house is a cement pipe. chhotu arrange every around his house.

Chhotu ‘s first time he came to Mumbai. Pic of Mumbai wow what big city is this.  In village chhuto saw small house and huts.  All the roads are filled with big bungalows and apartments. And people are very busy in their life.

 Let us see how many types of houses are there.

There are two types of houses

1. temporary house. 2. Permanent house

Temporary house are also called kwacha-house. These are made up mud and straw. People who can stay for some time they made temporary houses. Examples ; hut, tents,

Permanente houses are called pucca-house. These are made up of cement, steel, bricks and sand. Bungalows and apartments. People live at one place for long they made permanent houses.

People made different types of houses depending upon the climate. and  their work. Some people who live on hill places they made a house on the tree or wooden house.

Some are made water boat-house. Some are stay temporary in tents.

People who in cold places they made there houses with igloos. Eskimos live in it.

People who are living on the hills their are made house with wood.

Let now the parts of a house. In a house we have veranda, dinning-hall, bed-room, reading-room, kitchen-room, storeroom, common- hall and we have a garden around our house.

We spend most of time in common-hall with our family members. We use. Veranda, to take rest and relax. Dinning-hall for lunch and dinner.

Bed-room for sleeping. Reading-room for reading, writing and prepare.

Kitchen –room for preparing food. Store- room for to keep our extra things.

House should have windows and doors. Windows and doors allow sunlight inside. Sunlight kill the germs and it give light for us. House protect us heat, cold, rain and enemies. It gives shelter for us.

The area around your house. we should keep clean. We should throw garbage in dust bin. 

Mosquitoes and germs fly on the garbage. And they spread diseases make us sick.

Look, how beautifully Lata's

Lata’s house is decorated. Because they are celebrating festivals. Ask your friends when and how they decorate their houses. We decorate our house flower, leaves, curtains and rangolis.

Thank You,

N.NANDITHA

REFERENCE BOOKS:

NANDITHA IN MUMBAI-(TEXT)

NANDITHA IN MUMBAI

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CBSE-IV

I came to Mumbai a month ago. Since we came, mother has been admitted in the hospital. We had to come to Mumbai for her treatment.

The Big City – Mumbai!

I have slowly got used to the city. I still remember the day when mother and I got off the train at the Mumbai station. It was so crowded! I quickly caught hold of mother’s hand. I was thinking about how Mama would find us in the crowd.

Just then, I heard someone calling loudly from behind, “Nandita, Nandita.” I turned back, and there was Mama. We left the station and were soon on our way to Mama’s house. But, again, it was so crowded everywhere.

There were many huts lined all along the narrow street. We went through the street to reach Mama’s house. Mama, Mami, their two daughters and a son – all live in one room. Now, I too live here with them.

It is here that we sit, sleep, cook and wash – all in one room. My house in the village also has only one room, but we have separate places for cooking and for bathing. We also have a courtyard outside.

Water- Water

Mami, Seema and I get up at 4 o’clock every morning and go to the public-tap to fill water. Oh no! You won’t believe how many fights there are for water. If we are just a little late, then we are not able to fill water for the day.

There is no tap in our house in the village too. The pond in the village has water. It takes twenty minutes to walk to it. In summer, sometimes, the water in the pond dries up. Then we have to walk for almost one hour to the river to get water. But in the village, there were no fights for water.

In the street where Mama lives, there is a toilet at one end. Everyone in the street uses that toilet. It is always very dirty and smells so bad. At first, it used to make me want to vomit.

At times, there is no water. We have to take water with us. Now I am getting used to all this. In the village, people go to the open places or fields for toilet. The men and women go to different places.

Learning New Things

Everyday I go to the hospital by bus to see my mother. At first, I was too scared to get into such crowded buses. I was not at all used to it. I was afraid.

But now, it is not like that. I know how to stand in line, how much to pay for the ticket, where to get down. Where we stay, there is a tall building nearby.

My Mami works in seven houses there. She washes utensils and cleans the houses. One day I went there with her. When I first saw the building, I thought that it was one big house. But I found that there were many houses, one on top of another. I was wondering how I would climb so many stairs, but there was a lift to take people up and down.

It was like a big iron cage with fan and light and even a bell. So many of us got into the lift. Somebody pressed the button and lift went up quickly. To tell you the truth, I was very scared in the beginning.

Another House

Mami took me first to Babloo’s house. His house was on the twelfth floor. What a big house! So many rooms – one to sit in, one to eat in, one to sleep in, and one to cook in.

Their toilet was also in the house! It took Mami a lot of time to clean Babloo’s house, but she could work easily. There was a tap in the kitchen and water flowed from it.

Babloo put a bucket under the tap to fill water for his bath. Then he sat down to watch TV. So much water was wasted – I did not like it. I went

and closed the tap.

Babloo’s house had big glass windows. Mami told me to look down from the window. I could see Mama’s street and the houses, but I could not make out which was his house. From up there, everything below looked like small toys. I was quite afraid to look down from such a height.

A New Worry

Mama had said that he would take me around to see Mumbai . The children around here talk a lot about Chowpatti.

They say that big film stars also live there. May be when I go there, I might see a film star! These days, Mama is so worried – I cannot ask him to take me to Chowpatti.

Last week some people had come with a notice that everyone should move out of this place. They say a big hotel will be built there.

Mama was saying that this is the third time in the last ten years that he got such notices. People who live here have been given another place to make their houses.  But it is very far away another corner of the city.

There is no drinking water, no electricity. I don’t even know if any bus goes there. How will Mama reach his work place from so far? How much money will he have to spend, and how much time also.

And Mami, will she get some other work there! If Mama moves to a new place, how will I be able to visit my mother? Mother is not even completely well as yet!

THANK YOU,

NANDITHA

UP YOU GO-TEXT

UP YOU GO

ENVIRNOMENT STUDIES

CBSE-V

Mountaineering Camp: 2nd February 1984 by Kalyani Raghunathan:

Nehru Institute of Mountaineering (NIM) is rated as one of the best mountaineering institutes in India and also considered as the most prestigious mountaineering institute in Asia.

The proposal to have a mountaineering Institute at Uttarkashi was mooted by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India and the Government of Uttar Pradesh in 1964.

Uttarkashi was specially selected as the home of NIM, primarily because of its close proximity to the Gangotri region in western garhwal, which undoubtedly has the best climbing and training potential in India and perhaps in the world. 

The Institute took shape in 1965 at the Provincial Armed Constabulary Campus at Gyansu on the north bank of the river Bhagirathi.

The present location, about 5 Km away across the Bhagitrathi River, was selected in 1970 by a team comprising Late Shri Harish Sarin (then Secretary), Captain M.S.Kohli and the architect, Mr. Rahman and NIM moved to its new location in 1974.

It is now located at 4300 AMSL in the Ladari Reserve Forest, amidst a dense pine forest, overlooking the sacred river and the valley of gods. It has a sprawling campus, spread over almost seven hectares of prime forest land. 

The Institute is headed by a Principal who is handpicked officer by the Ministry of Defence. It has Training and an Administrative wing. The Training Wing comprises of the Vice Principal, the Medical Officer, the intrepid NIM instructional and Kitchen staff. The Administrative Wing which deals with account, rations and equipment are looked after by the Registrar and the Equipment Officer, respectively.

The aim of the Institute is to introduce and initiate young men, women and school children to the mountains and nature through its various Mountaineering and Adventure courses.

Emphasis is laid on instilling the concept of Adventure and following conventional environmental guidelines to ensure environmental awareness and conservation

​

NIM was established at Uttarkashi on 14th Nov 1965 to honor the great desire of Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, who was an ardent mountain lover

he Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi is planning to conduct seven days (07 days) Preliminary Skiing course

Preliminary Skiing Course - Fee structure in Indian Currency

Indian                     Foreigner                      Students(Indian)

5000/-                     12000/-                          4000/-

TERMS & CONDITIONS:

Fee includes: Expenses on food, accommodation, equipment, transportation, medicines and other training expenses during the course.

​

Admission to Foreigners: Have to report to the Principal one day in advance along with the Passport and valid Visa for direct admission into a course, UDS 400 for adventure course and USD 800 each for remaining courses is to be paid as course fee.

​

Refund of Fee: Cancellation of seat 2 months earlier entitles refund of fee with 25% deduction.

​

Armed Forces & Para Military Personnel: Serving Armed forces, Para Military and NCC Personnel, should apply through their respective Service Headquarters and Departmental Channels. They can also however apply as private trainees.

Repetition of Course : The courses conducted in NIM are subsidized and the vacancies are limited. Repeating a course by an individual leads to denial of opportunity to someone else.

This Institute also conducts special courses for schools and establishments on full cost basis i;e. Rs 1200/- per individual per day for 15 days. These are open and anyone can apply for their confirmation.

​

Transfer of Seat: Request of transfer of seat on compassionate ground may be considered only once. No Refund of fee is permitted thereafter.

​

Arrival: Trainees must arrive an evening before commencement of the course, also late arrivals even by a day will not be permitted to join the course.

​

Forms should be submitted through registered post on the following address:-

The principal

Nehru institute of mountaineering

Uttarkashi (uttarakhand)-249 193.

On receipt of Form and Training Fee Applicant will be informed by us by Email/Telephone on Provisional basis and will be subsequently informed for final date on short notice.   

                                                                         

Arrival:

Trainees must arrive an evening before commencement of course. Late arrivals even by one day will not be permitted to join the course.

Let us know some our  kendriya vidyalayas teacher experience when they went training for  Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi. We were at the mountaineering camp and were very excited. Twenty of us were teachers from Kendriya Vidyalayas.

There were other women from banks and other institutions. Today was the second day of the camp. In the morning as I got out of bed and put my foot down, I screamed in pain.

I remembered yesterday’s 26 kilometre walk with the heavy rucksack on

my back. I was afraid to go back to that steep climb and the rough narrow path.

With tears in my eyes I started walking slowly towards the room of Brigadier Gyan Singh, the Director of our adventure course. I was thinking of what I would say to excuse myself from that day’s trek. Suddenly, I heard his deep voice from behind.

“Madam, what are you doing here at breakfast time? Hurry up! Otherwise you will have to trek on an empty stomach.”

“Sir, Sir….,” I could not say any more. “You have came to tell me that you have blisters on your feet, that you cannot walk, isn’t it?” “Yes, sir.” “That is nothing new. Now get ready quickly.”

I hung my head and rushed back to get ready. I had just turned when I heard his voice again, “Listen, madam. You will lead group number 7. You will have to help any member who has difficulty climbing the mountain. You have already been told about the responsibilities of a group leader in the mountains.”

A big responsibility:

I started thinking about what a leader must do:

Help others in carrying their bags.

Let the group go ahead and keep to the last.

Help those who cannot climb properly.

Find a good place to stop and rest.

Look after those who are not well.

Arrange for food for the group.

The most important thing is to be ready to be punished even when some one else may have made a mistake. I realised that there was a special kind of discipline here. I wondered whether the camp will still be fun!

Group No: 7

Group No. 7 included girls from Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya and Nagaland. I was the only teacher from Kendriya Vidyalaya in this group. I was happy to meet my new group members.

Most of them could not speak Hindi well. I still feel bad that after being together for 21 days, I could not talk even once with Khondonbi from Mizoram. She spoke only Mizo. But in our hearts we grew close to each other.

Crossing the river:

We got vitamin C, iron tablets and hot chocolate milk with our breakfast. These were given for strength and to keep us warm in the cold. Every morning there would be a medical check up. We tied our bandages and counted the days left!

After an eight kilometre trek we reached a river. There was a thick rope tied across the river, from one bank to the other. The rope was tightly fixed to pegs or ‘pitons’ on both the sides. I was feeling nervous. I started thinking what would happen if the rope came out. I was trying to estimate how wide the river was.

Our instructor tied a rope around his waist and put a sling (type of hook) in it. He then put the sling on the thick rope tied across the river. Walking through the icy water, he went to the other side.

No one was ready to step into the fast flowing river. Everyone was pushing each other to go first. I stood last in the line hoping that no one would see me.

Just then our instructor came near me with the sling and rope in his hands. I knew there was no escape now. I was ready, but did not have the courage. Sir could guess my fears. He called out loudly, “Three cheers for Sangeeta madam!” And before I knew it, someone had gently pushed me into the water.

I felt as if my feet were frozen. I started shivering, my teeth were chattering. I caught hold of the rope and started putting my feet firmly on the river bed.

As I walked further in, the river got deeper and slowly the water reached upto my neck. In the middle of the river I lost my balance and started slipping. I was so scared and felt so cold, that the rope slipped from my hands. I started shouting for help.

I was sure I would be carried away by the river. But no, I found that I was tied with the rope to the sling. “Hold the rope! Hold the rope”, I could hear the shouts. I somehow managed to get hold of the rope and pull myself forward.

Slowly, with some courage, I reached the river bank. I felt a special kind of happiness as I came out of the water. Happiness on finishing a challenging task. Now, standing on the bank, I was calling out to the others to hold the rope tightly. I knew that this confidence was a result

of facing a challenge with courage.

Rock climbing:

We had to climb 15 km to reach Tekla village. It was at a height of 1600 metres. Our rucksacks had all that we may need – food packets, water bottle, rope, hook, plastic sheet, diary, torch, towel, soap, windcheater, whistle, glucose, jaggery, chana and some other snacks.

We could see fruits and vegetables growing in the step fields. We saw Colonel Ram Singh standing on a 90 metres high flat rock with pegs and ropes.

We had been told to first observe the rock carefully and identify holds – places where we can put our hands and feet. Today I was not going to back out.

I stood first in the line. Our instructor tieda rope around his waist. He put the sling, and held the thick rope which was hanging. He started climbing as if he was running up.

I also put my sling. But as I took my first step, I slipped. And there I was – swinging from the rope! “Keep your body at an angle of 90° while

climbing,” I heard. “Keep your back straight.

Do not bend.”

Keeping this in mind, I imagined the rock as flat ground and started to climb up. Again while coming down we had to use the rope, in a special way called ‘rapling.’ I did this with the same fearlessness.

A funny incident:

It was evening. Khondonbi was feeling hungry. We did not have anything to eat. She jumped over the fence and got into a field. She quickly plucked two big cucumbers and came back.

Just then a woman came from behind and caught hold of her bag. She started saying something to Khondonbi in her own language. We could not understand what she was saying.

Khondonbi was trying to explain in her Mizolanguage which we could not understand. I tried to explain in Hindi but neither of them could understand it. Finally, I folded my hands to say that we were sorry.

By then our group had gone far ahead. It was already dark. I thought we had lost our way. Now we were really scared. We could not see anything even with our torches.

I started sweating even though it was cold. I tightly held Khondonbi’s hand. I called out loudly, “Where are you all? Can you hear me?” My voice echoed in the mountains.

We both started to whistle loudly and flashed our torches. Probably the group had noticed that we were missing. We heard some whistles at a distance. I understood the signal.

We held each other's hand tightly and waited. Khondonbi felt that we should keep talking. She started singing a Mizo song loudly. After some time, we saw them coming towards us. At last! We were with the group again.

A special guest:

After dinner we met a special guest – Bachhendri Pal. She had just been

Up You Go! 83 selected as a part of the team to climb Mount Everest. She had come to seek the blessings of Brigadier Gyan Singh. It was a happy evening – we were all singing.

Bachhendri also joined us in singing and dancing on the famous Pahadi song ‘Bedu Pako, bara masa, kafal pako chaita, meri chhaila.’ At that time we had no idea that Bachhendri would become the first Indian woman to reach Mount Everest and create history.

Camp in the snow:

We were standing at a height of 2134 meters. We were to spend the night here. Everyone was busy trying to put up the tent. We used double layered plastic sheets for the tent and for the ground.

The air between the layers would help to keep us warm. We put in the pegs and began to put up the tent. As we tied it from one side, the wind flew the tent from the other side.

After quite a lot of pulling and tugging, we managed to get the tent up. Then we dug a drain around the tent. We were feeling very hungry. We collected some firewood and stones to make a chulha and cooked some food.

After the meal, we collected all the waste in a bag to clean the camp site. Soon we got into our sleeping bags. I was not sure if I would be able to sleep in it. Would it be comfortable?

Would I not feel cold? But the bags were filled with soft feathers, which help in keeping us warm. We were all very tired. So very soon we fell asleep.

The next morning we woke up and found that it was snowing. White soft fluffy snowflakes were gently falling. Wow! It was so beautiful ! The plants, the trees, the grass and the mountains – everything looked white.

Today we were to climb higher, to 2700 metres. We walked carefully on the snow with the help of sticks. It was difficult because we kept slipping. By afternoon we had reached snow covered mountains. We enjoyed throwing snowballs at each other and making a big snowman.

Last day at camp:

We were getting ready for the camp fire. Each group presented a programme. We were enjoying – telling jokes and laughing, singing and dancing around the camp fire. Soon it was midnight.

Brigadier Gyan Singh got up and called me. I thought, “Oh, no!

what have I done this time?” But when Sir announced my name for the ‘Best Performance Award’ I stood still. He blessed me and tears of joy rolled down my face.

Alone on the mountain top

A twelve-year old girl living in the mountains was out on a school picnic. She climbed a mountain peak of 4000 metres with her friends. The girls had done this for fun and adventure. Soon it was dark and they could not come down. It was also cold and scary.

They were alone without any food and it was a long night. This happened to Bachhendri Pal, played when she was a young girl. Bachhendri grew up in Nakuri village in the Garhwal area of Uttarakhand.

When she grew older, she joined Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi. Her guide was Brigadier Gyan Singh. Bachhendri did very well in her training. She started to train women in mountaineering courses. In 1984, Bachhendri was selected as a team member to climb the Mount Everest.

Snow storm:

There were seven women in that 18 member team. On the night of 15th May the team was very tired after having reached a height of 7300 metres. The team put up their tents and went to sleep. Around midnight they heard a loud sound and then a bang.

Before they were fully awake, the tent flew off and something very heavy hit them. There was a terrible snow storm. Bachhendri was almost buried under the snow and was hurt on the head. Many of the team members were also injured. The others used snow-picks and axes to dig out those who had been buried under the snow.

The rest of the team members returned to base camp but Bachhendri went ahead, climbing slowly but steadily towards the peak. It was seven minutes past one o’clock in the afternoon of 23th May when Bachhendri Pal stepped onto the peak of 8900 metre high Mount Everest also called Sagarmatha in Nepal.

There was another team member with her. There was no space for two people to stand on the top at the same time. One slip and they would fall straight down-thousands of feet below! Bachhendri and her team-mate dug into the snow and pitched their axe firmly in the ice. Using this as a hook, they tied themselves to it with a rope.

 Only then two of them could stand there. She was shivering with cold but filled with the warmth of achievement. She bowed her head, pitched the national flag and took photographs. She spent 43 minutes on the highest peak in the world. Bachhendri Pal became the first Indian woman and the fifth woman in the world to reach the peak of Mount Everest.

THANKYOU,

NANDITHA  AKUNURI